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CA Certificate chain and traceroute of bad.horse

Today i come across a funny domain, name bad.horse; Its funny not because of its name but because of the certificate chain and traceroute to this domain. Both subCA hierarchy and tracroute, has the full lyrics of Bad Horse song. Interesting stuff and amazing use of technology.

Flaw in ServerKeyExchange messages of TLS Protocol

Here we will discuss the flaw in the ServerKeyExchange messages of the TLS protocol which caused the Logjam attack over TLS while using Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange. Before SSLv3, we don't use to authenticate the ServerKeyExchange messages where server negotiates with client regarding usage of cipersuite and parameters. From onwards SSLv3, TLS send the signed message where it mention about parameters it will use but remain silent over ciphersuite. Or in other words, signed portion contains parameters but not contain information about ciphersuite the server will going to use. Now just to remind you, the difference between DH and DH-EXPORT is the size of parameters only. So how to use this flaw - If the server supports DH-EXPORT, an attacker (Men-in-the-Middle) can edit the negotiation sent by the client (even if client doesn't support DH-EXPORT), and replace the list of client supported ciphersuite with DH-EXPORT only. The server will in turn send back a

“FREAK” -- Factoring attack on RSA-EXPORT Keys

FREAK attack allows an attacker to intercept the SSL/TLS traffic between the vulnerable client & server and force them to use week encryption, typically Export Grade encryption (i.e, 512 bit RSA key exchange), which an attacker can break and steal the confidential data. FREAK attack was announced on March 3, 2015 and was discovered by Karthikeyan Bhargavan at INRIA in Paris.  The FREAK attack is possible when a vulnerable browser connects to a susceptible web server—a server that accepts “export-grade” encryption. Vulnerable TLS Clients- OpenSSL - Versions before 1.0.1  Vulnerable Web Browsers- Chrome - Versions before 41 Android Browsers - Vulnerable as they rarely gets updates Acknowledgements - http://blog.cryptographyengineering.com/2015/03/attack-of-week-freak-or-factoring-nsa.html https://www.smacktls.com/ https://freakattack.com/